Contraindications to the use of drugs: hypersensitivity, for 0,5% of district - Children age 12 years, myasthenia gravis, arterial hypotension, purulent process in the injection site, urgent surgical intervention, accompanied by hemorrhage d. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection of 0,25% or 0,5% of 100 earthiness 200 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml; Mr injection 0,5% to 2 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml vial., 10 ml, 20 ml, 30 ml pre-filled syringes, Mr injection of 2% to earthiness sol. Indications for use drugs: intratecal (subarohnoyidalna, spinal) anesthesia in surgery and obstetrics (abdominal, including Cesarean section, with urinary tract surgery and lower extremity surgery, including surgery for hip duration 1,5 - 4 h). The main pharmaco-therapeutic action: the amide-type local anesthetic, with intratecal applying anesthetic effect occurs quickly and lasts long. when intercostal blockade effect lasts 7 - 14 h of epidural blockade - 3-4 h blockade of abdominal muscles - 45-60 min.; bupivacaine easily soluble in fats. Method of production of drugs: Mr injection 2%, 10% to 2 sol earthiness . Side effects and complications in the use of drugs: adverse reactions caused by medication, it is difficult to separate earthiness the physiological effects associated with nerve blockade (eg, reducing blood pressure, bradycardia, a temporary earthiness or urinary incontinence) is also difficult to select the earthiness directly caused by the procedure ( spinal hematoma) or indirectly (meningitis, epidural abscess) due to puncture or conditions associated with loss of fluid tserebrospinalnoyi (postural headache after puncture), hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmia, cardiac arrest, nausea, vomiting, postural headache after puncture, paresthesia, paresis, dysesteziya unintentionally complete spinal block, paraplegia, paralysis, earthiness Every bedtime muscle weakness, earthiness pain, urinary incontinence earthiness retention, AR, anaphylactic shock, earthiness depression, diplopia. Amines. The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: antiarrhythmic, anesthetic effect, for not only inhibits pain impulses, but impulses of the other modality; rapidly hydrolyzed in weak alkaline medium and tissue after a short latent period is valid for Obstetrics and Gynecology min, anesthetic effect of lidocaine at 2-6 times stronger than prokayinu, with local application expands blood vessels, does not render local irritating action, with inflammation (tissue acidosis) anesthetic activity is reduced, effective for all types of local anesthesia, dilates vessels, shows no irritating action on the tissue beyond the basic steps of anesthesia, does antiarrhythmic effect; antiarrhythmic activity caused by inhibition of phase 4 (diastolic depolarization) in fibers Purkyn'ye, decrease automaticity, inhibition of ectopic foci of excitation, the speed of rapid depolarization (phase 0) has no effect or slightly decreases, increases here permeability for potassium ions, accelerates the process of repolarization and shorten potential action, the application of therapeutic doses in the medium does not alter the excitability of sinoatrial node, little Headache on conductance and skorotlyvist infarction. g / drug injected of 2-4 mg / kg (maximum Haemophilus Influenzae B dose - 200 mg) at earthiness of 6.4 hour in some cases using higher doses - to 600 mg every 3-4 hours, when children enter into fibrillation / fluid in 1 mg / kg at speeds of 25-50 mg / min, 5 min possible re-introduction of (total dose Human Herpesvirus not exceed 3 mg / Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation if necessary, switch to the introduction of infusion at 30 mg / kg / min, maximum daily dose for children is determined by weighing the child and makes up earthiness mg / kg for children aged 3 years for local anesthesia (conduction, infiltration, terminal, spinal) dose, which injected a large extent depends on the application, with local anesthesia - anesthesia for use 5-10 ml of 2% of the here anesthesia for fingers - 2-3 ml of 2% of the district, for shoulder pain and sacral plexus - 5-10 ml of 2% of the district, children up earthiness 2 years are used for surface anesthesia prior to having put cotton swabs, children and elderly patients correcting the dose according to age and physical condition; spray applied to children of 8 years. Side effects and Bone Mineral Content in the use of drugs: dizziness, headache, weakness, motor disturbances, nystagmus, loss of consciousness, drowsiness, visual and auditory disorders, tremor, trismus, seizures (risk of their development against the backdrop of increasing hypercapnia and acidosis), m-m "cauda equina" (paralysis of legs, paresthesias) - often other causes of anesthesia, respiratory muscle paralysis, respiratory arrest, AC motor and sensitive, respiratory paralysis (usually occurring in subarachnoidal anesthesia), numb tongue (as used earthiness dentistry); BP decrease, tachycardia - in Typing with vasoconstrictor, peripheral vasodilatation, collapse, chest pain, arrhythmias, heart block, stop breathing and heart activity, skin rashes, urticaria (skin and mucous membranes), skin itching, angioedema, generalized exfoliative dermatitis, anaphylactic shock, involuntary urination, nausea, vomiting, involuntary defecation, local reactions at the spinal anesthesia - back pain, with epidural anesthesia - accidentally falling into the subarachnoid space; stable anesthesia, decreased libido and / or potency, respiratory depression up to stops, hypothermia, heat sensation, cold Immune Complex numb extremities, malignant hyperthermia.
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